What it is
Cystoscopy uses a thin telescope passed through the urethra to inspect the urethra and bladder lining directly. It can help investigate blood in the urine, suspected narrowing of the urethra, recurrent infections in selected cases and other bladder symptoms. A tissue sample may be taken, or a small abnormal area treated, when appropriate. Findings are considered alongside urine tests, imaging and any biopsy results.
Who it may suit
Cystoscopy may be recommended after assessment for visible blood in the urine, selected cases of persistent microscopic blood, suspected bladder abnormalities or urethral narrowing, and follow-up after some bladder treatments. Not everyone with urinary symptoms or recurrent infection needs it; the decision depends on the likely cause and your risk.
Anaesthesia & recovery
A flexible cystoscopy is generally a short outpatient procedure under local anaesthetic gel. A rigid cystoscopy, or one where a biopsy or resection is planned, is done under spinal or general anaesthesia. Mild burning and blood-staining for a day or two afterwards is normal.
Important
Whether a particular procedure is right for you can only be decided after consultation and investigation. Recovery times below are typical and not a promise; every operation carries risks, which are explained in full before you consent.